Several of the poems from Different Cultures seem to be encouraging people to discover their true selves and their place in society

A few of the sonnets from various societies appear to be urging individuals to find their actual selves and their place in the public arena. Love after Love, Hurricane hits England and Search for my Tongue are among those sonnets. These sonnets composed by various artists urge individuals to find their actual selves and their place in the public arena by utilizing numerous strategies, for example, fascinating word and expression choice (language), insightful symbolism to pass on messages, utilizing depictions focussing on sounds and utilizing structure to make an impact. Likewise, the artists utilize their own social encounters to pass on their message particularly Hurricane hits England and Search for my Tongue. The three sonnets are all from various societies and customs hence it is essential to take a gander at the social setting of the sonnets. Love after Love is a sonnet composed by Derek Walcott, quite a bit of Walcott's work has investigated issues of Caribbean social personality. He has commented, ‘The procedure of verse is one of uncovering and self-revelation'. Tropical storm hits England is a sonnet composed by the Caribbean conceived essayist Grace Nichols, who moved to England during the 1970s and now lives in the shoreline of Sussex. In 1987, the southern shore of England was hit by tropical storm winds, these typhoon winds were once in a while experienced in England, in the Caribbean, then again, tropical storms are a standard event and had been a piece of Grace Nichols' youth. Concerning the 1987 English tropical storm, the artist felt that the voices of the old divine beings were in the breeze, explicitly inside the Sussex, indeed, just because she detected a closeness to the English scene more than ever, and felt that the Caribbean had come to England. She currently feels comfortable both in Guyana and in England. Quest for my Tongue is a sonnet composed by Sujata Bhatt. The artist was conceived in Gujarat, India, where her ‘mother tongue' or local language was Gujarati. Afterward, her family lived for certain years in the United States, where she learnt English despite the fact that she presently lives in Germany. She composed Search for my Tongue when she was starting to stress that she may lose her unique language. She has consistently thought of herself as being in Indian who is outside India. Her first language is, for her, a significant connect to her family and to her adolescence. It is the most profound layer of her character, she has guaranteed. The writers use language in their sonnets to urge individuals to find their actual selves and their place in the public eye. Love after adoration is a sonnet written in the subsequent individual, as though the artist is tending to the peruser legitimately' Writing to ‘you' instead of discussing ‘me' offers the feeling that the writer is offering guidance to everybody. The sonnet is loaded with basic action words or orders: ‘sit' (lines 6 and 15), ‘Eat' (line 6), ‘give' (line 8), ‘Take' (line 12), ‘Peel' (line 14) and ‘Feast' (line 15). Derek Walcott is urging each peruser to experience this procedure of self revelation, to ‘feast' on the open doors that one's genuine self can appreciate, and to ‘sit' and feel good with it. Typhoon Hits England shifts its style of language, the main refrain is as an outsider looking in while the subsequent verse is in the principal individual when we ‘hear' the lady's voice. There are a few inconsistencies in the sonnet. For instance, the lady says that the breeze is both ‘fearful and consoling' (line 7), and, from the outset sight, these two words don't appear to bode well together in what could be known as a Catch 22. This logical inconsistency might be exhibiting that the lady, as well, is uncertain what her sentiments are towards the tropical storm, her contemplations are additionally opposing. The lady poses numerous inquiries between lines 13 and 27, in every one of these four inquiries, the writer is attempting to comprehend what's going on. The shouts towards the end help us to see how the lady is feeling and add to the tone of the sonnet. She gets energized, even euphoric, at the intensity of the tempest and the considerations it stirs inside her, ‘O for what reason is my heart unchained? ‘, (line 27). Inquiries posed in lines 13 to 27 are replied in the last lines, ‘Come to tell me. That the earth is the earth is the earth'. The writer implies that she at last feels comfortable in England, and that any place you may wind up on this planet, you will in the long run discover harmony with your place in the public arena. Quest for my tongue utilizes the word ‘tongue' for a wide range of implications. The artist, Sujata Bhatt, plays with these various implications. For instance, she envisions that realizing two dialects resembles having ‘two tongues in your mouth' (line 4) and talks about her unique language similar to her ‘mother tongue' (line 5). The sonnet starts casually, utilizing regular language, yet then creates to utilizing striking symbolism and language. The sonnet starts by seeming to address an inquiry ‘You pose to me what I mean†¦ ‘ (line1). In the event that you are answering to an inquiry somebody has presented, you would utilize regular discourse. In any case, on the off chance that you truly need to communicate as the need should arise, you should walk out on the examiner ‘I ask you, what might you do†¦ ‘ (line 3). The writer utilizes ‘shock strategies' or such striking pictures to do that. One might say that if the sonnet says pretty much something very similar twice in two dialects, at that point it may very well will be well be written in just a single language. In any case, the general purpose of the sonnet would then be lost. Something very similar being said in two dialects is the key, the artist has ‘two tongues' and she wouldn't like to free one of them. Inventive symbolism is utilized in every one of the three of the sonnets to urge individuals to find their actual selves and their place in the public eye. In Love after Love the artist utilizes pictures of devouring all through the sonnet. This is on the grounds that a supper, particularly a close one between two individuals, is a significant type of social collaboration wherein individuals can become more acquainted with one another. In this way it is normal that the lounge area situation is utilized for becoming acquainted with your actual self. This is an upbeat sonnet and presents an especially positive picture of the later years throughout everyday life, depicting them not as a period of misfortune, however one of satisfaction and recuperation. In Search for my tongue the writer utilizes the symbolism of contrasting her tongue and a plant as she builds up her thoughts. She looks at it by utilizing an all-encompassing similitude. You can nearly envision the ‘plant', first in decrease, at that point developing once more. This picture of the plant is fruitful on the grounds that it incorporates contrasts. A portion of the symbolism is very surprising, for example, when she envisions that the ‘mother tongue' may ‘rot and pass on in her mouth' (lines 12 and 13) as the second unknown dialect dominates. The lost tongue becomes back around evening time when she dreams in Gujarati, similar to a plant that seems to have passed on, yet then begins to bud and become solid once more, delivering lovely blooms. Storm Hits England is loaded with common symbolism, primarily in light of the fact that it is about the impact of the breeze on the scene. For instance, ‘trees/falling overwhelming as whales' (line 23-24) is compelling in light of the fact that the immense trees become like coasting ocean animals when the heavy downpour that goes with the storm causes the land to turn out to be practically similar to the ocean. There is likewise a ton of imagery enveloped with the symbolism, ‘Come to break the solidified lake in me' (line 33). This may demonstrate that the artist has been ‘frozen' by being endlessly from her own nation, with the goal that the appearance of the storm can help to ‘break the ice' and permit her to live more serenely in her new home nation. The artists use depictions focussing on sounds to urge individuals to find their actual selves and their place in the public arena. In Love after Love reiteration is the gadget utilized by the writer in this sonnet as an audio cue. He rehashes a few words, or varieties of them-‘mirror' (lines 4 and 14), ‘stranger' (line 7 and 9). ‘love'/‘loved'/‘love-letters' (lines 7/9/12) and ‘life' (lines 10 and 15). This is the writer's method of underscoring the principle phases of the self-revelation process. Typhoon Hits England differs the manner in which it sounds, the primary verse is as an outsider looking in while the subsequent refrain is in the main individual when we ‘hear' the lady's voice. Each of the three sonnets have their own particular structure, the structures of the sonnets are composed in requests of thoughts in the sonnet and how they create. In Love after Love the verse structure is sporadic, yet most lines are freely versifying. This implies there is one short unstressed syllable followed by one since a long time ago focused on syllable. A portion of the lines are likewise very ordinary tetrameter-for instance, lines 8 and 13. The sonnet is part into four little measured refrains while Search for my tongue is part into three huge verses. In the main refrain she discloses to us how hard it is for her to know two dialects and how she has ignored the one she feels most has a place with her. In the second verse she clarifies these thoughts in Gujarati. In the last refrain she at that point interprets her considerations for us into English, lines 31-39 significance something like lines 17-30, demonstrating that in spite of the fact that her ‘mother tongue' (line 38) passes on during the day, it ‘grows back' ( line 31) in her fantasies around evening time, getting solid and creating ‘blossoms' (line 39). Of all these three sonnets Hurricane Hits England is the biggest. The sonnet is written in eight refrains of changing lengths. The lines themselves are likewise of shifting lengths. This anomaly causes us to perceive how flighty the tropical storm is, and how erratic the lady's musings are. The principal refrain of the sonnet is as an outsider looking in, as the peruser is acquainted with the lady, yet most of it is written in the first individual. Love after Love, Search for my tongue and Hurricane Hits England are three sonnets from Different Cultures which urge individuals to find

lieshod White Lies in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay

Harmless exaggerations in Heart of Darkness   â â â In his novella Heart of Darkness (1899), Joseph Conrad through his foremost storyteller, Marlow, reflects upon the indecencies of the human condition as he has encountered it in Africa and Europe. Seen from the point of view of Conrad's anonymous, target persona, the wrongs that Marlow experienced on the undertaking to the heart of haziness, Kurtz's Inner Station on the banks of the snake-like Congo River, fall into two classifications: the negligible wrongdoings and unimportant falsehoods that are normal spot, and the more noteworthy disasters - the bizarre demonstrations society credits to lunatics. That the five star of malefaction is associated with the second is outlined in the defeat of the story's optional hero, the disastrously bamboozled and hubristic Mr. Kurtz. The European optimist, accepting the lies of his Company and of the financial dominion that bolsters it, is not ready for the trial of character that the Congo forces, and surrenders to the potential for the wicked dormant inside each human cognizance. Albeit various pundits (counting Johanna M. Smith, Peter Hyland, Herbert Klein, and Garrett Stewart) have caused to notice how Marlow's lie to the Intended advises the entire going before text and how that coming full circle scene with the Intended is associated with Marlow's underlying impression of Brussels as a whited tomb (how fitting considering Belgian King Leopold II's double-dealing safeguard of his privately owned business' avaricious abuse of the outrageously named Congo Free State!), few have up to this point focussed on how the falsehood influences the peruser's response to Marlow as the hero and storyteller of Conrad's Congo story. Responding to questions which the dead man's Intended postures him reg... ... Rosmarin, Adena. Obscuring the Reader: Reader-Response Criticism and Heart of Darkness . Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness: A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism , ed. Ross C. Murfin. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989. Pp. 148-171. Smith, Johanna M. Smith. 'Too Beautiful Altogether': Patriarchal Ideology in Heart of Darkness . Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness: A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism , ed. Ross C. Murfin. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989. Pp. 179-198. Stewart, Garrett. Lying as Dying in Heart of Darkness . PMLA 95 (1980): 319-331. Trilling, Lionel. Huckleberry Finn . The Liberal Imagination: Essays on Literature and Society . New York: Doubleday Anchor Books, 1950. Pp. 100-113. Wright, Walter F. Entrance to The Heart of Darkness . Romance and Tragedy in Joseph Conrad . New York: Russell and Russell, 1966. Pp. 143-160.

Urbanization in the Kurdistan Region Essay -- Sustainable Development

Presentation Urbanization: The procedure by which an ever increasing number of individuals leave the wide open to live in urban communities (Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary). Reasonable turn of events: The capacity of an action or improvement to proceed in the long haul without sabotaging that piece of the earth which continues it (Scottish Natural Heritage, 1993). The procedure of urbanization and the populace development over the world has been expanding in the course of the most recent 40 years, and it is relied upon to occur in the building up nations' urban territories. Kurdistan is a creating nation; before Kurdistan area was not as evolved as it is presently, it despite everything needs greater turn of events. Kurdistan is considered as a third world nation, and that was on the grounds that the focal administrations of Iraq didn't concentrate on this district as they did to Baghdad, Mosul and Basra. That is the reason; this locale turned out to be less evolved than the remainder of Iraq. At the point when the locale became under the Kurdish power they made a decent attempt to create and concentrate on the district and particularly Erbil since it is the capital of the area. Just in a couple of years the KRG area grew drastically, before Erbil used to have one state funded college (Salahaddin University) and now it has numerous colleges; organizations, private colleges. This is considered as an extraordinary instructive advancement for the Kurds. Individuals currently are increasingly instructed and have a superior life in contrast with the past. As a creating nation KRG locale has numerous issues when all is said in done likewise issues concerning the urbanization, in light of the fact that most of the populace is assembled in three principle urban areas, and this makes loads of issues the individuals in the urban areas. Likewise to the individuals who are living in the country are... ... need a great deal of time. End This article obviously distinguished three issues of urbanization inside the KRG area and to what degree every last one of these issues can be illuminated by arrangements of maintainable turn of events. Be that as it may, not all the arrangements can be appropriate in the Kurdistan district thus; while some can be very well material. With everything taken into account, the majority of the issues can be fathomed by the legislature since the financial plan of this district is in their grasp. Kurdistan is an arable area, additionally has loads of many oil wells, all these are worried about nature, so the administration should utilize these assets. In addition, these issues can likewise be unraveled by suitable arranging, finding support from master outsiders, and investing a lot of energy in such these issues. Despite the fact that the individuals' commitment is an unquestionable requirement however that is only a piece of the arrangement.

Introduction to Law Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Prologue to Law Coursework - Essay Example nt that must be satisfied for an agreement to be substantial, we will examine the law of agreement in detail and afterward investigate between an offer and a challenge to treat. For an agreement to be enforceable agreement, certain fundamental necessities must be introduced. There must an understanding dependent on authentic assent of the gatherings, bolstered by a thought and made for a legal article between skilled gatherings. This paper will begin by talking about what an offer is and later on look into between an offer and an encouragement to treat. (Hussein, 1993) an) An offer might be made to a particular individual or to any individual from a gathering or to the world everywhere, except it can't frame the premise of an agreement until it has been acknowledged by a determined individual or gathering of people. For instance if A makes a proposal to B, it is a particular offer and B is the main individual who can acknowledge it. Be that as it may, as a rule, it is insignificant to whom the offer is made. Offers made by promotion are the commonest type of offers made to the world everywhere, and can be acknowledged by anybody just by following up on them. For instance in the accompanying case contemplated. The litigants offered an award of  £100 to any individual who contracted flu in the wake of utilizing their smoke ball for a fortnight. The offended party, depending on the commercial, purchased the smoke ball and utilized it as endorsed, yet at the same time contracted flu. She sued for the publicized prize. It was held that the promotion was a genuine offer, and not a simple publicizing puff, and the respondents were held subject to pay the prize. b) An offer might be made by an informal, recorded as a hard copy or by lead. The individual creation this offer is known as the offeror, and the individual to whom the offer is made is known as the offeree. For instance an offer made by lead might be of a transport playing on a specific course. This is generally a proposal by the proprietor of the transport to convey travelers at the distributed toll for different stages. The offer is acknowledged by lead when the traveler

Neo-Confucianism an Example by

Neo-Confucianism Neo-Confucianism is a to some degree altered rendition of customary Confucianism. It showed up during the Song line, which extended between the tenth and thirteenth century A.D. Around then, some Buddhist statutes were coordinated into Confucianism, just as convictions from different types of Eastern perspectives, for example, Taoism and the I Ching. This paper will be utilized to talk about Neo-Confucianism, the impacts it had on Chinese human advancement, and a portion of its advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, I will endeavor to apply the conviction to my own life. Need exposition test on Neo-Confucianism theme? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue Understudies Often Tell Us I'm not in the disposition to compose my factious paper Our expert essayist Answers: Article Writing Tips How To Write An Essay Fast Custom Paper Pay For Papers Written Do My Assignment For Me Paper Writers For Hire Essay Helper Buy Essay Neo-Confucianism is a type of conventional Confucianism that has been changed to consolidate esteems from other Eastern conviction frameworks. During the twelfth century, during the Song line, Zhu Xi orchestrated Confucianism with standards from Buddhism, Taoism, and the I Ching, just as other comparable methods of accepting. Zhu Xi did as such regardless of the Song dispute that Buddhism offered little way of thinking that had reasonable application. Furthermore, regardless of the worries over the reasonable utilizations of Buddhism, Zhu Xi coordinated these convictions into the Confucian Classics. As a component of the Confucian Classics, Neo-Confucianism was a piece of the Chinese common assistance test until 1905 (Murphey page #). During the making of Neo-Confucianism, Zhu Xi made a progression of works that put forward a severe code of conduct. This code of conduct, as per Chinavoc.com: turned into the official majestic belief system from late Song times to the late nineteenth century. As fused into the assessment framework, Zhu Xi's way of thinking advanced into an unbending authority statement of faith, which focused on the uneven commitments of dutifulness and consistence of subject to ruler, kid to father, spouse to husband, and more youthful sibling to senior sibling. (standard. 5) The impact of this severe code was to such an extent that China's general public was basically made static, with conduct that tried to agree to prohibitive primitive goals. The couple of changes that were made to the general public were made gradually, over ages. This absence of cultural development stretched out into the nineteenth century, which adequately made social stagnation for that period. Be that as it may, notwithstanding this social stagnation, Neo-Confucianism profoundly changed the somber and down to earth nature of customary Confucianism to mirror the other, less genuinely grounded, perspectives. In any case, these progressions did no have a significant, enduring impact on the open brain. Rather, as Murphey calls attention to, Neo-Confucianism added to a stagnation of thoughts and protection from change and change a time of hundreds of years (Murphey date). As indicated by Zhu Xi's way of thinking what is inalienable to the youngster is the kid's tendency. This human instinct is basically acceptable in all individuals, which I on a very basic level accept, in spite of the fact that I question how to accommodate this conviction with individuals like sequential executioners and kid molesters. Maybe that is on the grounds that I make some hard memories isolating human instinct from what Zhu Xi portrays as interests. However, I guess it is feasible for a basically decent individual to have an awful temper, so in that way I can see a division between the two. I accept that I attempt to carry on with my life to discover the Way, regardless of whether I've never considered it that. I experience issues with quietness, since I have consistently got the chance to have something to do to occupy my time. In any case, I do feel as though I am making progress with myself as far as not thinking about belongings. This model may be a poor one; in any case, I feel awkward when somebody approaches me what I need for a blessing and I feel more great giving endowments than while accepting them. This position, I accept, compares with Confucious' announcement about The Gentleman, that The man of his word values goodness; the mediocre man esteems assets (de Bary, Chan, and Watson 31). There is a great deal about Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism that I don't comprehend. Living by those severe guidelines doesn't engage me at this phase of my life, despite the fact that I can see how submitting to them might bring somebody true serenity. Neo-Confucianism is an inference of conventional Confucianism. It had some truly negative impacts on Chinese society, in that its standards were brutal and that it was attached to common assistance tests. While I regard the individuals who practice both Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism for their order in doing as such, that decision and way of life doesn't engage me at this phase in my life. Work Cited Chinavoc. The Song Dynasty ( AD 960-1279 ). 2002. 2 June 2007. De Bary, William Theodore, Wing-tsit Chan, and Burton Watson. Wellsprings of Chinese Tradition. New York: Columbia University Press, date.

1-in-10-out Rule

1-in-10-out Rule Being a minimalist doesn’t mean you’ll never buy anything new. It means you’ll do so with intention. It also means you’ll let go aggressively and deliberately. Or you could do both simultaneously. When I first started simplifying, I was overwhelmed by how much stuff I wanted to jettison. That overwhelm compounded because I still felt the pall of future purchases. To combat impulse shopping and aid my minimizing efforts, I implemented a rule: the 1-in-10-out Rule. For every item I acquired, I had to get rid of ten things I owned. Want that new shirt? Ten articles of clothing hit the donation bin. Want that new chair? Ten pieces of furniture make it to eBay. Want that new blender? Ten kitchen items are axed. This rule helped me reshape my everyday-consumption habits, and, much like the 30-Day Minimalism Game, it helped me strengthen my letting-go muscles. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Application Strategy Rolling Admissions

Learn How Rolling Admissions Work and How to Use Them in Your Application Strategy When it comes to preparing college applications, there are many factors to consider. In addition to crafting a personal statement and narrowing down your best-fit list, students need to decide if they will apply early, in the regular rounds, and/or to colleges with rolling admission. While many students already know how regular options work, the policies surrounding rolling admissions may be a little less familiar. Keep reading to learn more about how to apply to a school with a rolling admission deadline and what factors to consider before hitting submit. How it WorksUnlike most regular or early application rounds, there is a no hard deadline for when to apply to a school with a rolling admissions policy. For most schools, applications can be sent any time between September and May of a student’s senior year. Instead of waiting until a designated date to learn about application outcomes, students who apply to schools through a rolling process are notified of admissions decisions as soon as the file is complete. Students can receive this information as soon as a few weeks after submitting an application. What to Consider Before ApplyingWhile rolling admissions may sound like a dream come true for students who tend to procrastinate, it’s best not to leave rolling applications until the last minute. Schools with rolling admissions policies generally continue to accept students until they reach their enrollment capacity. Consequently, students who wait until April or May to apply run the risk of getting rejected simply because the class is already full for a given year. Rolling Admission Applications Can Help Ease AnxietyThere are several reasons why students may wish to consider applying to at least one college with a rolling admissions policy. First, it can be a great way to potentially boost your confidence and create a sense of peace of mind. Because students learn of their admissions outcome within weeks of applying, it is possible to start receiving college acceptances during the fall of your senior year. Many students will appreciate knowing that they have some college enrollment options early, before even sending out applications for the regular round. Additionally, applying to schools on a rolling basis can help students space out their application load; instead of having to fill out ten applications all due on January 1, a student may be able to submit a few in the early fall and then work on more in the months that follow. Keeping All of Your Options OpenIf a student chooses to apply to some colleges through a rolling admissions process, they will be able to get a head start on weighing different admissions outcomes and financial aid packages. For many families, finding a school that is a good financial fit is a top priority and students can have to time to break down and discuss financial aid packages thoroughly if they receive acceptances earlier. If you choose to apply to a school with a rolling admissions policy, it can be a great test run at breaking down a financial aid package and clearly differentiating between loan, aid, and grant money. Once a student receives all of their admissions outcomes, they can sit down with their family to compare all of the different financial aid packages on the table. Applying to a school with a rolling admissions policy can be a great way to get a jumpstart on the application process and potentially ease some admissions-related anxiety. If you are currently working on your own best-fit list and application strategy, our team of expert counselors can help guide you through every step of the process.

The Myall Creek Massacre During Colonial Australia

The Myall Creek Massacre in Colonial Australia was caused by arising conflict from British imperialism as the greed for land and goods caused the English to disregard the rights of the Australian natives. In pursuit of resources and Newmarket’s, Britain colonised the majority of the world and the ramifications of this have continued into today. Firstly, upon colonising the land, settlers were continuing to ship convicts to Australia, due to America refusing the convicts after the War of Independence. The tensions that arose as a result of British colonisation culminated several episodes of conflict such as the Myall Creek Massacre. This event occurred as the result of escalating tensions between white settlers and the Aborigines which†¦show more content†¦The convicts did not follow this conduct and most believed that the Australian natives were ‘barely human’ (MacDougall .A.K 2004). The population ratio of British settlers in Australia to the natives, dr astically altered over the century in the result of rapid colonisation and the conflicts which the Commonwealth of Australia Official Year Books explicitly depicts. The British settlers came in masses bringing a new society and culture to the land. The indigenous people were not familiar with an individual possession society and believed that the stock on the land was to be hunted and used as a food source. This is epitomised in a letter sent to the editor of The Sydney Monitor and Commercial Advertiser by Daniel Eaton in 1838, stating that ‘five horses [were] killed, and four others were wounded†¦ a hundred head of cattle killed and the flocks and herds were driven away in all directions by the blacks’ (Convict Creations, 2013). Newspapers from the time showed that the British reacted to the natives by killing them off the land and believed that the ‘Natives should be slaughtered†¦[because] they are baboons, blood thirsty dogs and black animals’ (Stewart D,1986). The British were not interested in negotiating with the natives of the land and believed their culture was inhuman wasting the land. Governor Gawler stated in a newspaper article, ‘Black men- we wish to make you happy, but you cannot be

Sepsis Inflammation and White Cell Count Essay - 2255 Words

This is the case study of Mr. Jones, a 65 year old male, who was admitted to the emergency department with persistent cough and episodes of chest pain over the last five days. He appeared to be experiencing worsening dyspnoea, fever and feeling unwell. It was also noted that he had a poor urine output over the last 24 hours. An indwelling catheter was inserted which only obtained 20 mLs of amber urine. Mr. Jones clinical assessment revealed that his Glasgow Coma Score was 11/15. He was opening his eyes to speech, only making inappropriate words and localizes to pain. He was also pyrexial with a temperature of 39.0 ËšC, diaphoretic with hot peripheries, hypotensive BP 90/45 mmHg (MAP 60 mmHg), and tachyopneic at 30breaths/min and†¦show more content†¦Mr. Jones white cell count is elevated and revealed at 1400 mm while his CRP is also raised. Cytokinines are the one of the primary mediators that signal other cells to release additional mediators such as tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, interferon, leukotrienes, histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins, thromboxane A2, serotonin, nitric oxide, arachidonic acid, platelet-activating factor (PAF), oxygen free radicals and myocardial depressant factor (Munford, 2001:67). If the invading organism is a gram negative bacterium, endotoxins are also released, which further stimulate the production of these inflammatory mediators (Jones Bucher, 1999:134). Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is responsible for the disruption of the tight junction between endothelial cells which results in an increased permeability to plasma proteins and fluid, which worsens fluid accumulation in the alveoli further impairing gas exchanged (Bersten Soni, 2009:709). 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Sepsis is a frequent cause of admission to intensive care units (ICUs) and it is one of the leading causes of death among hospitalized patients (Alberti et al., 2003). It is a public healthRead MoreAppendicitis Case Study1950 Words   |  8 PagesIn the absence of surgical facilities, intravenous antibiotics are used to delay or avoid the onset of sepsis; it is now recognized that many cases will resolve when treated non-operatively. In some cases the appendicitis resolves completely; more often, an inflammatory mass forms around the appendix. This is a relative contraindication to surgery. APPENDICITIS Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix. It is thought that appendicitis begins when the opening from the appendix into the cecumRead MoreA Short Note On Chronic Inflammatory Disease And Its Effect On The Body s Immune System1567 Words   |  7 PagesSLE is a chronic inflammatory disease that occurs when your body’s immune system attacks your own tissues and organs. There are different body systems effected such as joints, skin, blood cells, brain, kidneys, heart and lungs. Some may have only a few joints affected, where others may have multiple joints affected. The small joints of the hands and feet tend to be the most common affected. Joint stiffness is common and is usually worse in the morning. Mild joint swelling may occur but severe arthritisRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Sepsis2113 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening complication caused by the body’s response to an infection. Our immune system protects us against threats, which include viruses, bacteria and parasites that cause infectious diseases. Our immune system responds by triggering an inflammatory response to bacteria in the blood. However, with sepsis the response is massive and the inflammation that occurs can cause a ripple effect of changes that may lead to damage of multiple organ systems, causing

Psychology Life Spans - 1433 Words

Development Throughout the Lifespan NAME. PSY : Personality Theories Argosy University Development throughout the Lifespan The development of our personalities throughout our lifespan can be broken down into various stages when considering Erikson’s approach to psychology development. Each person moves through these stages during life, which directly affects his or her success in the next stage. The personality is being built and shaped at each stage. The first step is to summarize what was learned about the psychosocial development through observations/ interviews. Second, summarize the trends seen through the observations/interviews regarding psychosocial development. Third, explain how movement through†¦show more content†¦People are motivated by behaviors and actions. I believe this to be very true; when I am around smart productive people then I feel smarter and more productive. On the other hand, when I hang around lazy people then I want to be lazy and not do anything and this serves as a turning point for slow personal growth. Movement through Erikson’s stages directl y affects people’s success in the next stage. In a nutshell, a person must deal with a conflict until it is resolved with the major events and then they can move on to the next stage in the lifespan successfully. Both theories are providing valuable information on how a person progresses through the stages of life and deal with conflict. Freud had some very valid points; however not everything is related to the basis of sexuality. Erickson explains his theory in a more articulate manner by expanding on how conflict is present and a person must resolve them successfully to continue onto the next stage while formulating a healthy personality to confront and master new challenges during the lifecycle. For example, while I was growing up, I had experienced many crises as each stage of my life not that I knew of them back then, but in hindsight I see how that solving my crisis at each stage influenced my personality, which made me the successful person I am today. Another example is watching myShow MoreRelatedLife Span Psychology- Prenatal Development3073 Words   |  13 PagesPrenatal Development †¢ In the life span development the shortest is the period of the newborn or infancy †¢ This period, which begins at conception and ends at birth, is approximately 270 to 280 days in length or nine calendar months. †¢ How life begins? o New life begins with the union of male sex cell and female sex cell. o These sex cells are developed in the reproductive organs, the gonads. o Male gonad is â€Å"testes† and female gonad is â€Å"ovaries† o Male sex cell is referred as â€Å"spermatozoon†Read MoreLife Span Psychology- Prenatal Development3062 Words   |  13 PagesPrenatal Development †¢ In the life span development the shortest is the period of the newborn or infancy †¢ This period, which begins at conception and ends at birth, is approximately 270 to 280 days in length or nine calendar months. †¢ How life begins? o New life begins with the union of male sex cell and female sex cell. o These sex cells are developed in the reproductive organs, the gonads. o Male gonad is â€Å"testes† and female gonad is â€Å"ovaries† o Male sex cell is referred as â€Å"spermatozoon† andRead MoreThe Broad Field Of Developmental Psychology Is The Life Span Of Dyslexia1329 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic of discussion related primarily to the broad field of developmental psychology is the life span of dyslexia. Reasoning for why this topic is so controversial can range from speculation on the impact of media on many people to researchers arguing that there really is no definitive and accurate way of determining the reasoning for it. In order to fully address the symptoms and reasoning over time on dyslexia in this research paper, I will present multiple findings that can pin point whatRead MoreHow We Can Live Longer Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesLongevity A. Life Span and Life Expectancy III. What determines Longevity III. Why Don’t Most Americans Live Past the Average Life Expectancy IV. Leading Causes Of Death (table) V. What Do We Do to Live Longer Conclusion: Introduction What is the fear of most humans? The fear is aging and death. In this paper you will find out a lot about aging. You will learn what longevity is, what determines it, the average length of life and how you canRead MoreExamine Research on Applications of Life Span Psychology on the Children Defense Fund Program1254 Words   |  6 Pageson Applications of Lifespan Psychology The purpose and focus of this week assignment is to select a program or an agency that conducts research on lifespan psychology to create applications that strengthen public policy and programs. The program selected for this assignment is the Children defense fund program. The Children Defense fund is a nationwide organization put in place to ensure that every child is treated fair and has an effective and promising start in life, regardless of their race, backgroundRead MoreThe Theory Of Personality Psychology1292 Words   |  6 Pages Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the differences between people’s behaviors in terms of patterns, cognitions, and emotion. Personality psychology has been around for centuries, since Hippocrates’ Four Humors. Personality psychology has taken on many forms and has continued to develop throughout the centuries. Personality psychology is also developed with and from other fields of psychology like child d evelopment, behavioral, cognitive, and few others. PersonalityRead MoreLife Span Human Development Paper748 Words   |  3 Pagesfrom 3/31/10) http://answers.google.com Life Span Perspective Paper : To understand change in life is probably one of the most important aspects of human development. Our perspective on life and understanding the changes that occur during the different stages of the human life is the key to understanding why we tick and operate the way we do. Lifespan perspective is a key to understanding this and is something a person must do basically lifelong. Life development is basically ones understandingRead MoreLife Span Development Paper664 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to Cliff Notes, Developmental psychology is the scientific study of age-related changes throughout the human life span. A discipline of scientific inquiry, developmental psychology recognizes humans of all societies and cultures as beings who are â€Å"in process,† or constantly growing and changing. This discipline identifies the biological, psychological, and social aspects that interact to influence the growing human life-span process. Within the last 2 5 years, developmentalist’s researchersRead MoreErik Erikson s Theory And Theory908 Words   |  4 Pagesidea that early life experiences impact the person across their lifespan. Erikson’s developmental theory discusses the eight stages of life and the forces and values that arise at each stage, which should be developed within this frame. The attachment theory focuses on the interaction an individual has and the impact it may have on their psychological and social development. Both theories believe that personality begins to develop from a young age and therefore occurrences in early life can have lastingRead MoreEssay on The Life-Span Developmental Approach to Counseling999 Words   |  4 Pages The life-span development approach addresses the basic nature versus nurture debate by allowing for both. Just as our physicals selves are determined by both genetics and lifestyle, so are our emotional selves. As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I plan to consider life -span development to specialize in counseling a specific type of person with hopes of becoming well-versed, and therefore more helpful, in the types of experiences that group faces. â€Å"Personality can be better understood if it is

The Women s Rights Movement Essay - 1834 Words

One hundred years before the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, women in America began the Women’s Rights Movement to fight for rights of women. While there are many aspects to human rights, the United Nations defines Human Rights as â€Å"rights inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible.† Women during the late 19th century began to realize ladies were treated with less respect and dignity than their male counterparts. A small gathering of women in Seneca Falls, New York began the Women’s Rights Movement in 1848 leading to rights for women in America. While it takes perseverance and determination, a few women with a dream begin to make changes happen, culmin ating in the rights of women to achieve full civil rights in 1920. Recently, the United States held an election for the highest position in the country and it was unprecedented, a woman was one of the two people vying for the office of President of the United States. In the late nineteenth century this would have never been thought possible. Women during this era had no self-representation other than their husbands and fathers. Several generations of women who supported the suffrage movement, fought to change theShow MoreRelatedThe Women s Rights Movement702 Words   |  3 Pagesthat the women’s rights movement in the United States failed to accomplish its goals in the early –mid 19th century because the slavery issue was never resolved is unfounded. In the early-mid 19th century, women began to demand change in American society, as they challenged the traditional roles of women politically, socially, and economically. - political, social, and economic change {Challenged the traditional views of women - pushed the boundaries – public sphere/life of women changed dramaticallyRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement874 Words   |  4 Pages1848 to 1920, the women’s rights movement demonstrated the first true act of feminism, founded by a group of women rights activists to combat against women’s suffrage in the United States. By the 1960’s radical feminists also known as the woman’s liberation movement once again took up the fight for equality amongst men and woman, yet by the late 1990’s early 2000’s it had begun to change, losing its primary focus of fighting for a woman’s right, and becoming a burden on women today. The blowback fromRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1659 Words   |  7 Pagesmen and women, the women’s rights movement in Pakistan has just begun. People are starting to protest against discriminations that women face in their daily lives that disable them from having a voice in society. Some of these discriminations involve men being able to divorce their wives without her consent, women’s voices having half the weight of a man’s in court, and female heirs inheriting less money or property than a male heir (â€Å"Sharia†, 9). Groups like the Pakistani Women’s Rights OrganizationRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagesthat occurs is that women were never given the opportunity to voice their opinion on what kind of job that they should do. In addition, voting at this point of time for women was quite impractical. The wartime was a difficult time for women who wanted to capitalize on an opportunity. They wanted a job to prove to men that they are much stronger. However, there was hope when the U.S. woman’s rights movement began. A woman by the name of Elizabeth Cady Stanton started the movement at Seneca Falls, NewRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1366 Words   |  6 PagesW omen’s Rights Movement The equality women have today did not just happen over night.In this passage there will be evidence of an impowering fight that women over came to say WE ARE IMPORTANT TO!! All the brave strong women that fought this battle, along with the obstacles women still face today.Also the surprising fact that women’s rights also consists of racism and sexual orientation.This movement was necessary, and is truly an accomplishment in history. The first outbreak of confidentRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1091 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican history, women have constantly been suppressed. It was believed overall that women were not supposed to work, but to stay home, cook, clean, make clothes, and take care of the child(ren). Basically, a woman was considered her husband’s property. It was not until 1920s that women were finally able to get the rights they deserve, such as birth control, new divorce laws, and ultimately the right to vote, which was the main focus of the Women’s Rights Movement. This movement consisted of manyRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1547 Words   |  7 PagesFlorida SouthWestern State College The Women’s Rights Movement What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention on the Women’s Rights Movement? Jennifer Flores AMH2010 Mr. Stehlin 16 November 2015 The Women’s Rights Movement began in 1848 with the first assembly of women and men gathering to discuss the civil, social, and other conditions of women. The Seneca Falls Convention was the start of the women’s movement. The two women who organized this event were Lucretia Mott andRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1420 Words   |  6 Pageswomen’s rights movement in the United States in the early –mid 19th century did not fail to accomplish its goals, as slavery was not an issue women wanted to resolve (address?) In the early-mid 19th century, some women began to demand change in American society (as they challenged the traditional roles of women politically, socially, and economically?) -political, social, and economic change {challenged the traditional views of women - pushed the boundaries – public sphere/life of women changedRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement1620 Words   |  7 Pageshas improved over the last several years in the broader culture and by police, self-blame and shame has persisted among victims, leaving them just as unwilling to come forward.†(Gray. para. 10) The women’s rights movement is still going strong, and there have been major accomplishments for women within the last several decades. In 1968, the fair housing act made it no longer possible for a woman to be turned down by a landlord based solely on her being female. In 1986, the legal definition of ‘sexualRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement881 Words   |  4 PagesThe Women’s Rights Movement, 1848–1920 1. â€Å"The first gathering devoted to women’s rights in the United States was held July 19–20, 1848, in Seneca Falls, New York.† 2. Principal organizers : Elizabeth Cady Stanton (a mother of four, the Quaker, abolitionist ) 3. Social and institutional barriers that limited women’s rights: family responsibilities, a lack of educational and economic opportunities, and the absence of a voice in political debates. 4. Stanton and Anthony created the National Woman

Creative Piece of the Great Gatsby Free Essays

â€Å"What are you doing? † Nick inquired. â€Å"Just standing here, old sport. † I felt relieved, at least I had a friend standing in this dark night with me now, I won’t be alone anymore like I was always be. We will write a custom essay sample on Creative Piece of the Great Gatsby or any similar topic only for you Order Now Somehow, I know my face looks really vicious right now. I might be too worried about what happened tonight. Nick seemed to be frightened by me. After a really awkward silence, I decided to shoot my question:† Did you see any trouble on the road? † â€Å"Yes, †obviously he’s waiting for my confession. I don’t want to surrender my little hope that quickly, â€Å" Was she killed? â€Å"Yes. † His reply was simple and strong. At that moment I had the impulsion to tell him everything happened tonight, but I still kept it to myself eventually. â€Å" I thought so; I told Daisy I thought so. It’s better that the shock should all come at once. She stood it pretty well. † I was kind of surprised by my attitude. I was talking about a dead woman who had been killed by Daisy and all I care is Daisy’s reaction. Since when did I become so cold-blooded? To distract him from my reaction, I continued:† I got to West Egg by a side ro ad and left the car in my garage. I don’t think anybody saw us, but of course I can’t be sure. † I tried my best to put on a cheerful smile and tell him everything will be ok. He’s astonished by my indifferent attitude. â€Å" Ok, man, I really don’t think you understand how severe this car accident was and I hate to tell you that you are absolutely wrong,† he skillfully hid his disgusted face and went on,† her name was Wilson. Her husband owns the garage. Now let’s be honest, it was you or Daisy driving that damn devil car? † I know he would punch me in my face if I kept saying some nonsense. Yes, she was driving, but of course I ‘ll say I was. When we left New York she was really nervous that she thought she would be steady if she could drive. You know I always let her do whatever she wants to do. So this woman, rushed out at us just as we were passing a car coming the other way. It all happened to fast to save anything. She seemed like she wanted to speak to us, I don’t even know who she was. First Daisy turned away from the woman toward the other car, but for some reasons she turned back and smashed into her. I think she wanted to kill her, old sport. Yes, she succeeded, it ripped her open. † Nick doesn’t seem surprised; he probably knows something about Daisy and that woman. At that moment, I was irritated because this whole world is filled with lies and I’m the only idiot who has no idea what’s going on. â€Å" Don’t tell me. I don’t want to hear it. † I was so frustrated that I tried to deceive myself that Daisy just accidentally killed that woman. † I tried to make her stop but the car’s brake was broken so she couldn’t. I pulled on the emergency brake and she fell over into my lap and I drove on. † â€Å"I hope Daisy will be alright tomorrow. I’m so worried about her right now. Yes, she’s gonna to be relaxed. That’s right, nothing is gonna bother her, except†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Nick interrupted with an angry roar, â€Å"Seriously man, you guys killed an innocent woman! It’s not like a forgivable mistake that you can do something to compensate. I really hate judging people but the way you deal with this accident and your attitude really irritate me. I can’t stand it anymore. Where are your sympathy, innocence and passion? It’s not worth it to lose them to Daisy. † I made a parting grasp at my hair because I dislike myself too. All those good and evil things happened upon my life made me exhausted. The only goal I have for now is to protect Daisy. Or, I might just want to keep the most beautiful memory of my life in my deep soul and have the extravagant hope that I can make everything looks just like before. Marrying Daisy is probably no longer my dream, getting the stubborn me satisfied by achieving all those old dreams is. To get rid of this wild surmise, I continued, â€Å" I’ll wait here and see if he tries to bother her about that unpleasantness this afternoon. I told her that if he intends to do anything she could lock herself in her room and turn the light out and on again. † â€Å"He won’t touch her. † He blinked his eye and said,† He’s not thinking about her. † â€Å"I don’t trust him, old sport. † He seemed to be annoyed by our nonsensical conversation. â€Å" How long are you going to wait? † â€Å"All night, if necessary. Anyhow, till they all go to bed. † I hope my persistence can drive him away and fortunately it worked, â€Å"You wait here,† he said, â€Å"I’ll go see if there’s any sign of a commotion. † After he’s gone, I’m a little bored by the sudden quietness. Actually, I’m also confused by what I really want to find out tonight. One of the inner villains keeps telling me that nothing special will happen tonight and Daisy won’t let you take the responsibility for her. The other one despised my infatuation and implied me that Daisy was conspiring with Tom. Maggie Chen Mr. Maurer Voices 16 February 2013 Analysis In this chapter, we can get the general idea that Gatsby is confused with his true feelings to Daisy. He used to be obsessed with her and was willing to do anything to win her back. However, after what happened in recent years, he started to open his eyes and look within. He’s not satisfied with the life he is living now. Although he once had really clear goals that were even not worth fighting for, at least he had motivation to keep his strength and finally achieved his dreams. Judging by his inner struggle and all the things he said to Nick in this chapter, he tries his best to relive his old life and pursue all those unfinished dreams. As we explore deeper into the particular mental activities, he apparently is just completing tasks out of obligation, without any care in it. For example, he keeps telling himself that Daisy is going to be all right â€Å"I hope Daisy will be alright tomorrow. I’m so worried about her right now. Yes, she’s gonna to be relaxed. That’s right, nothing is gonna bother her, except†¦Ã¢â‚¬  These words are also used to comfort himself by saying he has already done everything he could. Gatsby also changes from an innocent sympathetic boy into an indifferent murderer who doesn’t value other people’s lives. Even Nick, a non-judging good friend can’t stand it anymore, as he says, â€Å"It’s not like a forgivable mistake that you can do something to compensate. In my opinion, Gatsby staring  into the night at the green light at the end of Daisy’s dock, having lavish parties to attract her attention, making money only to win Daisy back, using Daisy’s cousin Nick to arrange a â€Å"crafty† reunion, buying the multi-million dollar home just to be near her and taking the responsibility for the car crash only to save Daisy’s sanity, all these are more signs of obsession than true love. Gatsby’s obsession with Daisy is hopeless and he’s quite enjoying what he’s doing. How to cite Creative Piece of the Great Gatsby, Essay examples

Analysis of Woolworth Operations-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write an essay of explaining what the main strategy development tools are and how they are used in your chosen business Organization. Answer: Introduction Gaining a competitive advantage against a companys rivals involves the creation and sustaining of superior performance by the company. Woolworths, an Australian based company operates in the retail industry. The retail industry is highly competitive and this forces Woolworths to formulate competitive strategies by differentiating its operations from the competitors in order to gain a competitive edge (Madsen and Walker, 2015, p. 88). Woolworths faces stiff competition from Wal-Mart, ALDI, TESCO, and Macro Wholefoods Limited companies. The main goal of Woolworths is becoming competitive in the retail industry by giving customer high-quality retail services and products. To achieve this dream, the company applies strategy development tools such as the SWOT analysis, PROFIT, PESTEL, Porter's five forces in designing competitive advantage strategies against its main rivals as mentioned above. The aim of this essay is explaining SWOT, PESTEL, and Five Forces as the main strategy developme nt tools used by Woolworths in gaining a competitive edge against its competitors. Porters Five Forces The Porter five forces strategy analytical tool assesses the current position of the whole sector in which a company operates (Porter, 2011, p. 66). The analysis of Woolworth's operations in Australian retail industry is done through the application of the five forces as follows: Bargaining power of buyers There are numerous companies that operate in the retail industry in Australia. As a result, the bargaining power of customers is significantly higher as far as the purchasing of basic commodities from the supermarkets by customers is concerned (Porter, 2011, p. 68). Since buyers have broad options of companies to buy from, Woolworths offer after sales services such as discounts, transport, and e-business more effectively hence winning more buyers. As a result, the competitive edge is gained. Bargaining power of suppliers The Australian retail industry is highly concentrated with big companies and among them is Woolworths. Other players also dominate the market such as Wal-Mart hence divides the market share for Woolworths retail products (Porter, 2011, p. 69). Woolworths, therefore, should advance its supplies roles to boost its performance in the market hence obtain a wider market share that leads to a competitive advantage. Threats of new entrants In the Australian retail industry, the threat of new players is low since the big companies have dominated the market (Porter, 2011, p. 70). Woolworths being a big player in the market needs to acquire more businesses and market its products in the country to compete out the already established rival firms such as Wesfarmers. Rivalry among existing companies Woolworths is rivaled by Wesfarmers and Wal-Mart in the Australian market. Woolworth competes with these companies for the market share (West, Ford, and Ibrahim, 2015, p. 40). The management should properly assess the strategies used by these rivals to design counter-strategies of improving market share. Threat of substitute Woolworths sells basic commodities for human survival. The market has no other alternative consumable product hence must buy from Woolworths. Therefore, the threat of substitute is lower and consumers have to utilize the retail commodities for there is no other choice. PESTEL Analysis PESTEL is another crucial tool that Woolworths can use in assessing its external industry environment that impacts on its performance. Political The political factors in Australia significantly affect Woolworths performance in the retail industry adversely. For example, the Federal government launched a competition policy to deny Woolworths and other big players the right to eliminating competition (Ashton and Morton, 2005, p. 30). These political conditions make Woolworths lose completion edge to small retailers hence should be addressed. Economic Market recessions in Australia have adversely affected Woolworths performance and profitability in the retail industry. There have been declines in economic activities in Australian markets and this affects Woolworths (Babu, 2012, p. 55). Also, currency fluctuations and exchange rates disparities affect Woolworths international businesses. Social The norms, beliefs, religions, customs, and behavior of consumers in Australian market also affect Woolworths performance in the retail industry. For example, some cultures prohibit consumption of certain foods sold by Woolworths (Yksel, 2012, p. 52). The company is highly socially responsible to the society and gives back to the society. Technological Woolworths operates in a technologically competitive industry in which investing in technology is necessitated. Other big players such as Wal-Mart use e-commerce in selling its products. Woolworths applies the green refrigeration technology in storing perishable products (Babu, 2012, p. 56). Further, the company is adopting the e-business model to increase its sales hence enhance its competitiveness in the industry. Environmental Environmental factors also impact on Woolworths performance and competitiveness in the industry. Petrol and winemaking businesses around Woolworths location poses adverse threats to the company in that the environment is at risk of unclean air to breath and water to drink. As a result, the healthy conditions of workers are endangered (Ghemawat, 2016, p. 732). Legal Legal factors affect Woolworths in form of carbon tax that was implemented by Australias Federal government and affected the retail sector in particular. Regulation of retail operations by Australian Competition and Consumer Commission adversely affects Woolworths performance in the industry (Wagner and Hollenbeck, 2014, p. 90). SWOT Analysis Woolworths applies SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis tool in understanding both internal and external demands in the market hence gaining a competitive advantage. Strengths i. Strong retail brand name and efficient operations ii. Popular and successful brands such as Chad Valley iii. Use of modern retail trade model iv. A wide variety of retail products Weaknesses i. Global presence is negligible as compared to that of rivals ii. Failure to sustain a competitive edge of its brand in the market iii. Late entry to e-commerce hence stiff competition iv. Lower experience in online marketing Opportunities i. Promote its retail brands through adverts, sales promotions, and sponsorship ii. Wide unexploited retail market in the world iii. Availability of strategic acquisitions and mergers in the market iv. Numerous franchise models in emerging economies Threats i. Stiff competition both locally and internationally ii. Recessions in the economy that hinder its growth strategies iii. Increase in material costs from both food to non-food products iv. Falling profit margins due to rising of material costs As highlighted in the introduction, the main competitors of Woolworths are TESCO, Wal-Mart, and ALDI. A proper understanding of the internal and external market forces would help the management of Woolworths design effective competitive advantage strategies (Arli et al., 2013, p. 16). These strategies include the exploitation of the potential markets in the world market to boost performance, the formation of mergers and acquisitions with other companies to diversify its brand recognition and enhance its financial position (Gunjal, 2017, p. 40). Further, Woolworths marketing team needs to employ franchise models in its acquisition policies so as to thrive in the market. Also, the company should enhance creativity and innovation by getting up to date with the new business technologies such as online marketing and e-commerce in order to gain a competitive advantage over its key rivals (Gunjal, 2017, p. 20). Finally, Woolworths needs to invest in building its brand to enhance that its va lue is maintained in the market hence maintaining its competitive edge. Conclusion A critical strategic analysis of Woolworths has been undertaken with an aim of assessing the critical strategies that the company uses to gain a competitive edge against its big rivals. The performance of Woolworths is affected by both internal and external market factors ranging from SWOT factors, PESTEL Factors, and Porter Five Forces. From the analysis, Woolworths is strongly committed to establishing a brand acceptable in the entire Australian and international markets. Woolworths is faced with stiff competition from other big players in the retail industry and this threatens its performance and sustainability in the market. Also, Woolworths operates in adverse economic, political, and legal market environment that affects its performance. While the company cannot take control over the adverse PESTEL factors, the company can come up with strategies for advancing an efficient SWOT model in which all opportunities are exploited and all weaknesses addressed appropriately. Therefore, Woolworths should frame a consistent competitive strategy in which all adverse factors are properly addressed in a manner that will establish a fair price policy to the consumers. Bibliography Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R. and Soldo, E., 2013. Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration.Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura,16(1). Ashton, C. and Morton, L., 2005. Managing talent for competitive advantage: Taking a systemic approach to talent management.Strategic HR review,4(5), pp.28-31. Babu, H.S., 2012. SWOT analysis for opening of FDI in Indian Retailing.European Journal of Business and Management,4(3), pp.55-65. Ghemawat, P., 2016. Evolving ideas about business strategy.Business History Review,90(4), pp.727-749. Gunjal, T.D., 2017. A SWOT ANALYSIS AND RECENT FDI CONTROVERSY OF RETAIL SECTOR IN INDIA.International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies,3(4). Madsen, T.L. and Walker, G., 2015.Modern competitive strategy. McGraw Hill. Porter, M.E., 2011.Competitive advantage of nations: creating and sustaining superior performance(Vol. 2). Simon and Schuster. Wagner III, J.A. and Hollenbeck, J.R., 2014.Organizational behavior: Securing competitive advantage. Routledge. West, D.C., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press, USA. Yksel, ?., 2012. Developing a multi-criteria decision making model for PESTEL analysis.International Journal of Business and Management,7(24), p.52.

Analysis of Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address free essay sample

In Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address, he uses many different kinds of rhetorical strategies to unite a broken nation. During the time of the speech, it is four years into the Civil War and it is about to end. In this speech, Lincoln uses allusion, parallel structure, and diction to unify the North and the South.A rhetorical strategy that is seen throughout Lincoln’s speech is an allusion. He uses God and the Bible to show that the people both from the North and also the South have the same values. Lincoln says, â€Å"Each looks for an easier triumph, and a result less fundamental astounding. Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God’s assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men’s faces, but let us judge not, that we are not judged. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Abraham Lincolns Second Inaugural Address or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † What Lincoln said was from the Bible, and most people could relate because many of the citizens were very religious. Lincoln also states, â€Å"†¦Let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds..† That was also an allusion to the Bible, impacting the people to help fix the nation and to help come together as a nation. Religion was very important to many citizens of that time, so the religious allusion used in the speech was very effective. Another strategy used in Lincoln’s address was parallel structure. The parallel structure emphasized what his goals were for the nation. For example, he says, â€Å"to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.† Abraham Lincoln’s goal was to establish peace again within the two sides and to rebuild the nation. Another example of allusion was at the beginning of the speech when Lincoln said, â€Å"All dreaded it, all sought to avert it.† He said, â€Å"all† to bring together both sides, saying that neither one wanted to fight, but now they have to come together to fix the â€Å"broken nation.†Lastly, Abraham Lincoln uses diction to create a feeling of unity between the people. In his speech, Abraham says, â€Å"Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God.† Lincoln uses the word â€Å"both† often in his speech, which unifies the North and the South. It also says in his speech, â€Å"..let us strive on to finish the work we are in†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The statement reminds everyone that they’re all in it together by saying â€Å"us†. Diction throughout Abraham Lincoln’s speech adds to the unity that was created by parallel structure and allusion.In Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address, he uses religious allusion, encouraging parallel structure, and repetitive diction to unify the North and the South. Lincoln’s goal when giving this speech was not to celebrate the North’s win, but to unify and to create peace between the broken nation.

Political Change Between 1815 and 1840 Essay Example

Political Change Between 1815 and 1840 Paper The political participation of voters, campaigners, and elections in general changed drastically between the periods of 1815 and 1840, events such as the aftermath of the war of 1812, the age of reform, and political campaign styles were incredibly important in the changes of political participation. The aftermath of the war of 1812 was an explosion of nationalistic feelings. Many believed that it was a second war for independence, even though the war was mainly a stalemate. The election of James Monroe to the presidency in 1816 was often called the Era of Good Feelings. The new sense of pride destroyed old political barriers by lessoning voter requirements. This united Americans behind the common goal of improving the nation. The nation was so unified that Monroe ran uncontested for a second term in 1820. The reform movement consisted of the Second great Awakening, a religious reform movement, women’s rights, the abolition of slavery, temperance and many others. Conventions made by women, such as the Seneca Falls convention would encourage women to step out of the domestic sphere of their house and dive into the world of politics, getting themselves more involved in the world beyond their homes and children. The second great awakening transformed many into god-fearing peoples and set certain beliefs toward temperance and slavery. People effects by these beliefs would vote for candidates that followed them, therefore playing upon the fact that more candidates should address important issues instead of using personality to get elected. However, personality is what many campaigns played upon in this era. Jackson for instance, was dubbed â€Å"old hickory† and had a large following simple because he was considered an average person, a representative for the common folk instead of another high-standing politician who was in office solely for the money and power. We will write a custom essay sample on Political Change Between 1815 and 1840 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Political Change Between 1815 and 1840 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Political Change Between 1815 and 1840 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another candidate to run against Jackson played the same â€Å"common man† card, William Henry Harrison, who boosted that he was the â€Å"log cabin and hard cider candidate† this appealed to the more average folk in the same way Jackson had before him, this also allowed him to avoid important issues such as slavery and women’s rights. Many important factors decided the fate of political participation of the citizens of the United States. The nationalistic spark after the war of 1812 opened new doors to many by lessoning the restrictions against voters. The reform movement gave people issues to look for a solution to in politicians and candidates. Lastly, the campaigns themselves made a drastic change, depending mostly on the personality of the candidate instead of their views on the current events of the time.

Medical Marijuana

Medical Marijuana Free Online Research Papers Legalizing Marijuana Is Beneficial Grass, pot, weed, bud, dope, indo, hydro, and good old Mary Jane are just a few of the street terms used for marijuana. Marijuana is defined as a mixture of the flowers, stems, and leaves of the Cannabis Sativa plant. When marijuana is smoked, THC [delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol] the active ingredient in marijuana goes from the lungs into the bloodstream, which carries the chemical to all organs in the body (National Institute on Drug Abuse 1). This chemical is what causes the ’high’ people experience by inducing relaxation and heightening the senses (National Drug Intelligence Center 1). â€Å"In the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, marijuana was classified as a schedule 1 substance, which put marijuana into a class with cocaine and other such drugs† (Rawson 1). Many facts have come into perspective since this act that counter the purpose in keeping marijuana illegal. As long as restrictions are set, then the legalization of marijuana would help the medical worl d, the economy, and the judicial system. The government keeping marijuana classified as a ‘schedule one’ substance restricts its medicinal value (Marijuana Legalization Organization 4). Even though marijuana has been passed for medical purposes on many state levels, the federal law makes it possible for practitioners to lose their licenses for prescribing marijuana. â€Å"Marijuana has been shown effective in reducing nausea induced by cancer chemotherapy, stimulating appetite in AIDS patients, and reducing intraocular pressure in people with glaucoma† (Drugpolicy.org 3). At the very least, the government should classify marijuana as a schedule II drug to show the acceptance of its medicinal purposes. A schedule one drug is defined as highly addictive without any medical values, which cannot be prescribed (Rachal 3). All the studies that show marijuana as a beneficial aid to patients should be enough to reclassify it. As long as scientific evidence through clinical studies demonstrates that the benefits outweigh the risks then a substance can be passed for medicinal purposes (Office of National drug control policy 6). Potential lung damage is the predominate negative aspect with smoked marijuana (Rachal 7). When a patient is faced with constant nausea from treatment and chronic pain, lung damage is minimal in comparison (Rachal 7). It is troubling how these cases are continually dismissed. A daily marijuana smoker may experience the same effects as a cigarette smoker such as chest problems like a daily cough or respiratory cancer (U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration 2). Many would argue that there is a pill version of THC, named Marinol that can be used in place of marijuana. A patient suffering from a rare form of lung cancer gave his opinion of Marinol. â€Å"The problem with Marinol is the THC isn’t absorbed into the bloodstream as quickly as with smoked marijuana,† Charles [not his real name] said. â€Å"It almost has a time-release effect. I take 20 mg. of Marinal in the morning with my cancer medication and by the time I’m hungry enough to feel like eating, it’s about 5:00 p.m. After that I’m hungry until I go to bed. I don’t want to have to wait that long for the full effects of the drug to kick in. When I smoke, I feel hungry right away† (Rachal 6). The choice to smoke marijuana or use the pill version should be placed with the patient. Unless it is legalized, then these patients will not have such an option. The government should not be allowed pick and choose who is allowed to use marijuana. By approving researches and keeping marijuana illegal, that is exactly what the government is doing. Recent studies have shown that there is no known type of cancer associated with marijuana (Safer 3). The argument that marijuana’s supposed negative effects outweigh its medical benefits is false. On the other hand marijuana should be legalized for recreational purposes as well because it would free judicial services in order to concentrate on harsher crimes and it would bring in money for the economy. â€Å"According to the national Survey on Drug Use and Health, in 2006, about 6,000 people a day used marijuana for the first time, a total of 2.2 million Americans. Of these, 63.3 percent were under 18† (Bannigan 1). The opposition argues that legalizing pot will not eliminate the use of marijuana to underage users (Bannigan 1). This is true for alcohol as well but history shows how effective prohibition was when dealing with alcohol. The legalization of marijuana is not to eliminate the demand for all users but to aid America’s economy through taxation and limiting judicial costs. The amount of time in money put into marijuana is ridiculous when there are far more harmful drugs such as crack cocaine, methamphetamine and heroine. About one third of $68 billion a y ear spent on corrections is time served for nonviolent drug crimes (Klein 2). About $150 billion is spent on police services and court costs (Klein 2). About â€Å"†¦47.5% of all drug arrests are marijuana-related† (Klein 2). Seems like a lot of time and money wasted on a recreational drug that has never been proven to cause death. â€Å"There were 331 alcohol related deaths and 0 marijuana deaths in 2001 (Safer 1). The jail systems should focus more on violent crimes rather than nonviolent drug crimes. The United States only consists of about 5% of the world’s population but contributes to about 25% of its prisoners (Klein 2). Going to jail for marijuana does not help the drug problems in America. In fact through studies it has been shown that prisoners who only used marijuana going into the system come out using far more harmful drugs and may continue on to other crimes beyond petty drug use (Rawson 2). These funds spent on marijuana could be contributing to ha rsher crimes such as unsolved murders or cocaine busts. Besides the funds spent on marijuana remaining illegal boosting the economy there is also the taxation side. Most believe it immoral to try and profit off a drug. This is why marijuana needs to be reclassified and regulated. Marijuana is a natural occurring resource. It is an herb or plant just like the tobacco plant. If the government does not have a problem with profiting from tobacco then it should not be concerned with marijuana. â€Å"Marijuana is already California’s biggest cash crop, responsible for $14 billion a year in sales† (Miceli 1). That is billions of dollars obtained from a current illegal substance. That is also not including recreational purchases. It blows the mind how much our economy could benefit from such taxation. â€Å"A 10% pot tax would yield $1.4 billion in California alone† (Klein 2). Imagine how much profit could be obtained if there was a 10% pot tax in all 50 states. Those against the legalization of marijuana argue that the healt h risks outweigh these economic benefits. Last time the news was on, America was still in a recession. â€Å"Regardless of your position on legalization of†¦marijuana, the fact is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  America needs money and legalizing this vice is a relatively low-impact way to get it (Miceli 2). The opposition argues that the health risks of marijuana are why it should remain illegal. Yet alcohol is far more harmful than marijuana. â€Å"Marijuana is actually less dangerous than alcohol, cigarettes, and even most over-the-counter medicines or prescriptions† (Legalizing Marijuana 2). Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol will result in death while excessive amounts of marijuana will do no more than put the user to sleep (Legalizing Marijuana 2). As free Americans, they should be able to weigh the risks for themselves. Just like with any other harmful substances such as unhealthy for and/or alcohol (Marijuana Legalization organization 7). Many also believed that the legalization of marijuana will lead to an unproductive America. This seems pretty farfetched when giving the opportunity to drink constantly or go to work; the majority of American’s obviously choose work. â€Å"People who are intoxicated constantly, regardless of the drug, are unlikely to be product ive members of society. There is nothing about marijuana specifically that causes people to lose their drive and ambition† (Drugpolicy.org 4). The opposition should give American people a little more faith. Legalizing a naturally occurring plant will not change the American dream. It may just change how Americans spend their time dreaming. In fact, the patient named earlier also stated he felt motivated to get up and do more after smoking (Rachal 6). The claim that marijuana completely changes a person is not supported. Image distortion, personal identity loss, and hallucinations can be a result from high doses of marijuana (National Drug Intelligence Center 2). These factors do not completely change a person. Alcohol is by far a much more harmful substance. There have been numerous recordings of deaths by alcohol overdose (Safer 1). While â€Å"†¦there has never been a marijuana overdose death in history† (Safer 1). The scientific proofs of marijuana’s harm ful effects are increasingly distorted to keep it illegal (Drug Reporter 2). Marijuana is far less addictive than alcohol or tobacco (Drug Reporter 2, Safer 1). The mild side effects are made clear through yearlong studies and therefore should be presented to the public and let them decide on its recreational benefits. Just like the supporters of legalizing alcohol, Marijuana supporters will fight for its legalization until they succeed (Drug Reporter 3). â€Å"They [Marijuana users] refuse to give up their long quest for justice because they believe in the fundamental values of American society† (Drug Reporter 3). As long as America regulates marijuana in the same manner it does alcohol, then marijuana should be legalized. The tobacco company is allowed to run chaos in a sense because of all the additives they put into their products. If marijuana is legalized, it should not be processed the same way. Bannigan argues the fact that Marlboro can add a little â€Å"harmless ingredients† the way they do with cigarettes in order to help marijuana sale (2). That is why when marijuana is legalized there should be strict guidelines. First would be to make sure all production of marijuana remains pure. Meaning there cannot be any additives to the plant itself. Marijuana should be the pure cannabis sativa plant and nothing more. A second restriction should be placed in the same fashion of alcohol. In other words there should not be any machinery usage under the influence of marijuana. No driving would be allowed while under the influence and can be determined through a dilation test. This will ke ep the streets and work place regulated. The next obvious but still important restriction would be an age limit. The limiting age should be 21 seeing that the government believes 21 if fine for a much harsher substance like alcohol. This will regulate marijuana in the same fashion as alcohol. Thus also keeping the sale of marijuana in trusted occupations. This means the sale of marijuana should only be legal to those that obtain a license. A license should be giving in the same manner as it is now with medical marijuana. Only those that pass background checks and such regulations the government see fit should be allowed to distribute marijuana. With these restrictions in place, the legalization of marijuana would be sufficient enough to be beneficial to society. Even though keeping marijuana illegal holds some valid points, the benefits of legalizing it outweigh those points. Marijuana is a natural herb put on this earth, not created by man like other harmful drugs. Marijuana has been proven to hold medicinal properties that have been used throughout history. Medical marijuana is a benefit to society through the patients it helps. Recreational marijuana can be beneficial to society though taxation and cost of keeping it illegal. There are also harmful effects that can be taken into appraisal and decided on use individually. As long as guidelines and restrictions are set then there should be hardly any negative effects to outweigh the positive ones. Keeping marijuana illegal will only continue the fight against the controversy until the inevitable happens the way it happened with the prohibition of alcohol. Now is the best time to act in order to aid America out of this recession. Either way the battle to legalize marijuana will continue. Mar ijuana’s benefits to America definitely outweigh the harm predicted. It will not lead the way to legalizing other illegal drugs because those drugs are harmful man-made drugs with no medicinal benefits. Marijuana is also a non-lethal drug compared to the other illegal drugs. The proposition of wasting so much time and money on maintaining a natural herb illegal is ridiculous when faced with the option of profiting from it. Marijuana’ recreational and medicinal purposes pose no genuine threat to American society and therefore should be legalized. Research Papers on Medical MarijuanaUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Effects of Illegal ImmigrationMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesThe Fifth HorsemanGenetic EngineeringMind TravelThe Project Managment Office SystemInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

Cycles of Failure, Mediocrity and Success and the Role of Staff Essay

Cycles of Failure, Mediocrity and Success and the Role of Staff Empowerment on Breaking the Cycle - Essay Example The paper tells that the role of employee motivation in generating customer satisfaction has been traditionally studied in the context of employees within the service sector. This is because from the company’s perspective frontline interactions with customers are a significant way of attaining competitive advantage and differentiating oneself. Hence, employees dealing in frontline work are expected to anticipate the needs of customers, deliver the service based on customized needs and build long term, personalized relationships with the customers. Thus, staff empowerment is a crucial aspect of maintaining employee motivation and customer loyalty. From the above it follows that poor working environment can translate into poor customer service with employees dealing with their customers the way their managers treat them. Furthermore, employee turnover is attributed to what is known as the â€Å"cycle of failure†. In other cases, some degree of job security is present but there is little room for practicing one’s own initiatives. This situation arises from the lack of empowerment and is termed as the â€Å"cycle of mediocrity†. However, by employing the right tools of empowerment, the management of any company can develop a positive attitude in service employees which is known as â€Å"cycle of success†. The â€Å"cycle of failure† is attributed to the delegation of monotonous, mundane tasks to cheaply hired and untrained employees by employing the division of labor philosophy. This cycle is split into two cycles that work simultaneously. The first one involves failure with workers and the second one involves failure with customers. The cycle of failure pertaining to employees involves working on tasks requiring little or no skills and little scope for personal control. The output is strictly controlled by technology and emphasis is on following the rules as opposed to focusing on the quality of customer service. It is a c ommonplace to hear management attributing this failure to shortage of skilled labor, dearth of motivated employees in the labor market and the fact that high costs of skilled labor would have to be borne by customers in the form of high prices (Lovelock, Wirtz, & Chatterjee, 2007). Mostly companies consider training as a cost (and not an investment) and fear that it will result in wastage of funds if the employee walks away after acquiring the training (Lovelock, Wirtz, & Chatterjee, 2007). Failure with customers is associated with the lack of a consistent and clear image of the company to the customers which occurs because of changing faces due to high employee turnover. Also companies focus too much on the attraction of new customers as opposed to the retention of

Manufactured Operations in China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Manufactured Operations in China - Research Paper Example There is an abundance of labor in China due to the fact that the country has the highest population in the world. The workers in China are more disciplined than its American counterparts and have higher respect for the job. A major obstacle to doing business in China is that companies must abide by the governmental rules of a communist nation. Companies that want to expand internationally have to seriously consider expanding to China. Abiding by the governmental rules is a constraint that can be overcome by the abundance of business opportunities for companies operating in China. The business rules of China are not as strict as in the past. Prior to China’s entrance in the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001 companies that wanted to penetrate China had to form a 50-50 joint venture with an established Chinese company (Cnn, 2001). Today firms from the United States or other parts of the world can form whole owned subsidiaries in China. I think that the rule that sales in China have to be contingent on a company establishing its operations there is not that bad. Operating a manufacturing center in China is an extremely profitable proposition due to the lower operating costs in comparison with other parts of the world. Exploiting the Chinese retail market is a very beneficial proposition. In China due to the industrialization movement and economic growth there is a growing middle class that is eager to purchase consumer products in order to increase their quality of living. The massive population of China can help any company increase its sales numbers in a short amount of time. Short term gains are very important to increase the immediate profitability of a company. There are opportunities for market penetration in China in many industries. Overcoming the cultural barrier in China is important towards the success of an enterprise that establishes operations there. The majority of Chinese

Teenage Sleep Deprivation Impact

Teenage Sleep Deprivation Impact Dont you just hate it when youre in the middle of teaching your class to look over and see about half of your students heads down, drooling away during precious learning time? As a student Ive wondered what goes on in students minds that barely receive sleep. Sleep deprivation is a common problem for teenage students ranging from the ages of 13 to 19. Sleep deprivation is defined as a general lack of the necessary amount of sleep that a person needs. An average teen needs approximately 8 to 9 hours of sleep each night for the best academic and physical performance during school hours. Studies show that teens on and average are getting between 6.5 and 7.3 hours of sleep. Teenage students that choose to stay up late on school nights are usually the ones who end up falling asleep in class, and the result is missing an important lesson of the day. This is just one example of the problems a sleep-deprived student could face. This leads to my thesis that sleep deprivation is a serious problem in the teen-aged world, in terms of schools. Behavior problems, Understanding, memory, cognition (the process of thought), motor functions, Alertness are effects sleep deprived teens may undergo. The affects of sleep deprivation on a teenage body can affect the ability to function at school. Studies showed that Sleep deprivation can affect mood/behavior, learning, performance (physically), attention (being focused), and cause health issues.(Teens, Sleep and School).Too little sleep may cause exhaustion or fatigue (an overall feeling of deep tiredness or lack of energy) which can lead deprived student to have mood swings and behavioral problems, such as crying for no reason or losing their temper over small things. It is necessary for teens to get enough sleep on a daily bases in order to function properly during school. Students have to process information given to them by an instructor in order to learn. Lack of sleep may cause a teens mind to be distracted and not focused, causing their grades to decline. According to Dr.Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Teens with As on their report cards received an hour of more sleep each night and students who had Ds and Fs on their report cards only had two hours less sleep then the students with As.(The Importance of Sleep for Teens Essay | Student Essays Summary). It is very important to get enough sleep in order for a student to be successful academically and perform in class to the best of their ability. A sleepy persons brain works harder but accomplishes less. Sleep can be characterized as food for the brain. According to Jim Horne, PhD, director of the sleep research laboratory at Loughborough University in England, the part of the brain that overworks in the sleep-deprived people normally is one of the most active areas of the brain (Horne). Complex functions involved, verbal fluency, planning, paying attention, dealing with situations such as, group participations, activities, fights and group discussions. Jim Horne also includes, what seems to be happening is that the functional part of the brain appears to be working even harder during compensation because performance shows deterioration (Horne) a sleep-deprived person cannot perform physical and mental tasks as well as a person who is well rested. (Lack of Sleep Takes Toll on Brain Power) James B. Maas is a Professor in Psychology, Education and Communication at Cornell University. Dr. Maas is also one of the nations most sought after corporate speakers. He received his B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) from Williams College and his M.A. (Master of Arts) and Ph.D. from Weill Cornell Medical College. Dr. Maas researches on sleep and performance, as well as on leadership and critical thinking. (Maas) What good does it do to try to educate teen-agers so early in the morning? Dr. Maas asks. You can be giving the most stimulating, interesting lectures to sleep-deprived kids early in the morning or right after lunch, when theyre at their sleepiest, and the overwhelming drive to sleep replaces any chance of alertness, cognition, memory or understanding.(Maas) Dr. Maas supports later start times at school. According to Maas, teenagers face significant challenges in maintaining healthy sleep routines.(Maas) Dr. Maas took matters in to his own hands, He went out and spoke to school regarding how students can perform better if school start times started later in the morning. Deerfield Academy was one of the schools that Dr. Maas spoke at, a preparatory boarding school in Massachusetts which loved his idea of pushing schools start time back. In Sept. 2007, the school administration began to consider his idea of changing the school schedule. In Oct. 2007, the school voted to decide if it was reasonable. 61 to 27 voted in favor of the plan. The old start time of school 7:55 a.m. was now moved to 8:30 a.m. Mr. Warsaw a teacher who taught at Deerfield Academy stated that, Students of first-period classes are more vibrant and discussions now began at the opening bell instead of half-way through the class,(Warsaw).Deerfield Academy decided to mainta in the later start schedule. Delaying school start times is one solution for solving the problem for students who are unable to stay steadily awake in class due to sleep deprivation. (Sleep deprivation-Undermining Teen Health) Sleep deprivation can also affect you out of school. Sleep deprivation can have the same affect behind the wheel as drunk driving. By the time teens reach high school, most would be already driving during the junior and senior year. REM sleep plays roles linked to being drunk which leads to car accidents. Researchers in Australia and New Zealand found that people who drive after being awake for 17 to 19 hours performed worse than those with a (B.A.L.) blood alcohol level of 0.05 percent. There studies also show that 16 to 60 percent of road accidents involve sleep deprivation. In a survey taken by teens reported that more than half has operated a car drowsy. According to the National Highway Safety Traffic Administration more than 100,000 accidents, 40,000 injuries, and 1,500 people are killed in the U.S. every year due to crashes by drivers who are sleepy. A sleep-deprived teen can be characterized as drunken teen, results can also be fatal when driving drowsy. (Sleep deprivation as bad as alcohol impairment). In 2009 Braeshaun Jackson, 19, graduate from Laguna Creek High School was involved in a fatal car incident .He died in a wreck at the intersection of Whitlock Parkway and Shana Way due to driving sleepy.(Ruffin) According to M. Suzanne Stevens, MD (medical Doctor), Assistant Clinical Professor, from the University of Kansas, Sleep is controlled by neurotransmitters, which act on different neurons in the brain. Some, such as serotonin and norephine which keep the brain active while were awake. Adenosine (plays a role in promoting sleep) builds up in our blood while we are awake and breakdown of it causes drowsiness (Stevens). She also includes that there are five stages of sleep and REM (Rapid Eye Movement). During stages 1-4 of sleep, our brain waves become slower and slower until we switch to REM sleep. At that point, our breathing is more rapid and irregular and our eyes move rapidly under our eyelids (Stevens).REM sleep occurs when we are at a stage of being close to falling asleep, it can be characterized as skeletal muscle twitches or a feeling of low-voltage signals. Before you enter REM sleep a feeling of drowsiness occurs. Two characteristics that may be noticeable when REM sleep is taking place are the dilation of pupils and an increase respiratory rate. Sleep deprivation can also negatively impact physiology that is critical for athletic performance. Athletes can suffer from the loss of sleep/sleep deprivation. Impairments include athletes motor functions, and the inability to control all aspects of muscular movement fully. Examples include races such as sprints, as well as hurdles, which depend on a combination of power and striding over hurdles, or sports where the athletes must coordinate movements rapidly such as ball-sports. Another impairment that an athlete can be affected by is ones visual reaction time. Sports is mainly about reaction time and how one reacts to an object such as in the sport of baseball, where the batter has to be able to hit a 80-95 mph ball with success or in hockey where the goaltender has to be able to stop the fast moving puck from getting in the goal. Sleep deprivation also causes delays in an athletes auditory reaction, such as the reaction to a start of a pistol. Auditory reaction is how fast a person can respond by hearing or in sports were teammates are alerted by loud commands, an example would be the loud pistol to signal the start of a race with no delay in reaction time or when a conversation is going on were one out of the 3 person is slowest to respond. Glucose is compared as fuel for our body; it is the primary source of energy for the brain and also influences psychological processes. It is estimated that glucose metabolism will deteriorate in a period of seven to 10 days of limited sleep by as much as 30% to 40%. This condition will impair the ability of the body to properly store the glycogen necessary to provide the body with reserves to use during intense training or competition. (Sleep Deprivation and Sports Performance) Eve Van Cauter, Ph.D. from the University of Chicago Medical School, studied the effects of three different durations of sleep in 12 young men ages 17 to 22. For the first three nights of the study, the men slept eight hours per night; for the next six nights, they slept four hours per night; for the last seven nights, they slept 12 hours per night. Results showed that after four hours of sleep per night (the sleep deprivation period), they metabolized glucose least efficiently. Levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) were also higher during sleep deprivation periods, which have been linked to memory impairment, age-related insulin resistance, and impaired recovery in athletes.(Cauter) Eve Van Cauter also said that, after only one week of sleep restriction, young, healthy males had glucose levels that were no longer normal and showed a rapid deterioration of the bodys functions. (Cauter) This can reduce the body to have the ability to store glucose properly. His results showed that these young healthy males had glucose similar to those found in the elderly. The strongest opposing argument for sleep deprivation is that students should sleep less if its necessary to get more urgent things done such as an important assignment(s) due the next day or being that a final exam/test is going to be given. Stephanie, a high school graduate (2007) was asked, Should I stay up late studying and doing homework or rest?(Yahoo! Answers) on an online website. Questions were asked randomly by an unknown person(s) and opinions were given. Stephanies opinion was that he/she should stay up late, according to Stephanie you learn more before you sleep (Stephanie), she also includes that that was my technique (Stephanie). What she is saying is that, you can always get your sleep back but cannot re-do a failed exam/test/assignment because you decided to go to sleep a little early so the next day you wouldnt arrive to class sleepy. However without the proper amount of sleep trying to study or get work done is not a good idea, eventually youll fall asleep during c lass. This leaves you unprepared to do what is presented and take an F for the day. Sleeping in late will mentally impact you the next morning leaving you, drowsy, constantly yawing, and distracted because eventually youll try to think of ways to stay awake in class. The best suggestion is to study/do home work when your suppose to like student should and not just the night before. The second opposing argument is that some find it easier to sleep later at night and still would not be affected by the loss of sleep. According to a college student Ive always been a night owl.(student) A night owl is characterized as a person who says up late a night like an owl dose. She found it easier not to go to bed at all some nights than to get up early in the morning for class or work. She also includes that It was always easier to stay up late to finish (or start) my work than it was to get up early.(student) However staying up to late will take affect on your body when you least expect it, because your body needs to rest and rebuild for the next day. The third opposing argument is that since school starts early in the morning when students cannot mentally focus on studying, studying at night when drowsiness and missing sleep can be eliminated since the student is already mentally up. This gives them a better chance of being able to remember what was being studied the next day. However trying to cram all kinds of information in your brain in one night is not worth it because the next morning youll just forget. Trying to over work your body will make it even more tired the next day. With that being said students should get the regular amount of sleep each night so the next theyll have less of a hassle of dealing with miscommunications. Sleep deprivation is a serious problem in the teen-aged world. Teens get a bad record for staying up late at night, waking up late for school and falling asleep in class. It is necessary for teens to get enough sleep in order for them to function properly during school hours on a daily basis. The effects sleep deprivation on everybody in general can affect learning, performance (physically), attention (being focused), and cause health issues. By not getting the necessary amount of sleep can impair alertness, attention span, reaction time, awareness of the environment, concentration, Loss of motivation and fixating (stalling) on one thought. Some suggestions that can help prevent sleep deprivation is to, go to bed earlier each night, improve sleeping environment by keeping it dark, turning off the television and using relaxation techniques to help you fall asleep quickly.